At Vacuum 2024, which will be held from April 9 to 11, cryogenic equipment manufacturers will be present to introduce their range of products to guests. Participating companies are ready to showcase improved technologies and advanced equipment.

• Oxygen blast accelerates blast furnace processes, allows to obtain pig iron of excellent quality, as well as to turn it into steel.
• Oxygen-enriched air as well as pure oxygen is necessary for the production of copper, nickel, and lead.
• Oxygen is also used by metallurgists to reduce exhaust gas and pollutant emissions.
• Nitrogen is used to protect ferrous and non-ferrous metals during annealing, neutral hardening, cyanidation, hard soldering, powder sintering, and the operation of blast furnace feeders.
• Argon is necessary in steel production for cleaning, degassing and homogenization. It is also used to create an inert and protective environment for melting, welding and cutting metals and their alloys, such as stainless steel.

• Most of the nitrogen produced is used for the industrial production of ammonia, which is processed into nitric acid, explosives and fertilizers.
• The chemical industry uses a large number of vessels with oxidation-sensitive internal surfaces, which also use nitrogen to protect them.
• Nitrogen and argon are used in the storage of chemical raw materials.
• Oxygen serves as an oxidizing agent in many chemical reactions underlying the production of chemical products.
• Pure gases and mixtures are also required by this industry for laboratory research, monitoring and control of chemical reactions, environmental monitoring and detection of explosive concentrations.

• Oxygen is widely used in metal processing and in welding and cutting of metals in hard-to-reach places.
• Nitrogen and helium are needed for pressure testing (leak testing) of vessels and pipelines.
• Argon is an inert medium for welding various special grades of steel and alloys.
• Carbon dioxide is used in welding to produce welds that are more resistant to mechanical stresses.
• Like traditional metalworking, laser welding uses oxygen, nitrogen, argon. In new technologies, helium or argon-helium mixture is added to them.
• In the automotive industry, technical gases are also needed for heat treatment, cutting and welding of metals, and monitoring of environmental emissions.

• Nitrogen is used to create an inert environment for storage, handling and packaging of various food products: dairy, meat, fruits and vegetables, juices and many others, thus eliminating the need for preservatives while extending shelf life and preserving the flavor of products.
• Carbon dioxide is a raw material for the production of carbonated beverages, "dry ice" and dough leavening agents.
• Hydrogen is used to hydrogenate fats (margarine production).
• The modern food industry uses a large number of refrigeration units based on liquid nitrogen.

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide (in the form of breathing mixtures) are used to arouse depressed respiratory function and provide it.
• Nitrogen serves as a refrigerant for organ transport.
• Carbon dioxide in solid form ("dry ice") as well as carbon dioxide and other gases are used in cryomedicine - cold treatment, including cryosurgery.
• Therapeutic baths with dissolved CO2 and mineralized drinks have a therapeutic effect on the body.
• Nitrogen is required for packaging pharmaceuticals, purging and cleaning pharmaceutical equipment.
• Space technology and defense
• These industries utilize the most advanced designs and the widest range of metalworking, so all of the above apply here as well. In addition:
• Oxygen serves as an oxidizer for rocket fuel.
• Helium is used in laser technology.
• Technical gases are required by these industries for superconductor production, acoustic testing, and leak detection.
• Argon is used as a radiation indicator.
• Oxygen-helium mixtures are breathed by divers to prevent caisson disease.

• for workover operations;
• cleaning of natural gas storage and transportation tanks;
• purging, pressure testing and testing of systems and pipelines (before installation, repair, routine inspections);
• cleaning of containers from explosive vapors;
• for conservation and emergency works on pipelines;
• as protection against explosion and fires (including oil and gas), as well as for fire extinguishing in faces, formations and enclosed spaces.

• The production of nanophotonics, computer devices and other complex devices based on integrated circuits requires the use of ultrapure (so-called "electronic") gases - nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, krypton, xenon and gas mixtures based on them.
• Helium is a unique refrigerant for experimental physics, allowing the use of ultra-low temperatures in the study of superconductivity and other properties of materials and media.
• Production of varnishes and paints uses nitrogen to prevent polymerization of products, purge process equipment, and package products.
• The advertising and entertainment industry uses neon to create luminous signs and other promotional structures; helium to fill balloons and balloons of various configurations.